How One Child Policy Would Affect Chinese Economy Research Paper

How One Child Policy Would Affect Chinese Economy - Research Paper Example In 1989, the official slogan was that a â€Å"one-son or two-child† policy, and it was in force in all most all regions of China. Thus, under this changed policy initiates, couples with a daughter were bestowed with the privilege to have a second child that too after a gap of 7 years. China’s entire birth planning initiative and one-child policy was perused on the available processes and structures linked with a centrally planned economy. (US Congress Joint Economic Committee 1992:252). Population control and economic development are the two major concerns for developing nations. China’s response to this issue was the open-door policy and the reform and the one-child policy. Two miracles have been produced by China in these areas. Both, demographic and economic changes have been undergone by China in recent years. Further, China has shifted from the centralised economy to a market- based economy. China, in the last twenty years, has become as one of the fast-grow ing and most energetic economies of the world, and this is regarded to be first miracle. Further, China’s one-child policy has applied the brake to explosive growth of Chinese’s population and also there has been a remarkable decline in fertility rates, which is well bellow –replacement stages and this has been regarded as second miracle of China.( Wong & Liu 2007:333). In reality, the declines in population growth, the slow-down in fertility rates and transformation in age structure have been main features economic achievement of China. The main aim of this research study is to study the association between China’s economic growth and its demographic evolution. In the background of both future and contemporary changes in China’s age structure, this research paper will also scrutinize and evaluate on the role of transformation in populations age structure in impacting China’s prospects for economic growth in the ensuing decades. This researc h paper will endeavour to elucidate the future, and the current confronts China witnesses and suggests policies to cope with them to maintain economic growth in the globe’s most populace nation. (Wong & Liu 2007:334). One Chid Policy and China’s Economic Development History of Chinese One -Child Policy During 1978-79, there had been reformulation of China’s population policy by the post –Mao’s leadership. The population issue witnessed in the late 1970s was footed on the demographic reality that in between 1949 and 1970, China had concluded its demographic evolution from high to low mortality and fertility rates. Before the introduction of one -child policy , the China’s population strategy of the 1970s had resulted in a shark fall in aggregate fertility rates to 2.72 in 1978 from 5.81 in 1970.Despite the fact of low fertility rates , due to demographic momentum , it was foreseen that population increase would prolong for many years to come. Demographic momentums connotes that a population will prolong to increase long after replacement level fertility has been accomplished, as young age structure of the total population will generate groups in the childbearing ages for many more years to come. The research survey by Tien (1981) that was conducted in the late 1970 showed that about 39 % of population of China was in the age group of 15 and above , while 65% of the population was aged 30 and below , born after 1949 . Calculations showed that on the basis of this age structure that if every